Agriculture is the practice of cultivating the soil, growing crops, and raising animals for food, fiber, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. It is one of the oldest and most significant industries, providing the foundation for human civilization by ensuring a steady supply of food and raw materials.

Agriculture can be divided into several key sectors: crop production, livestock farming, horticulture, and forestry. Crop production includes the cultivation of grains, vegetables, fruits, and other plant-based foods. Livestock farming involves raising animals like cattle, poultry, and sheep for meat, milk, and other by-products. Horticulture focuses on growing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, while forestry manages forests for timber and non-timber products.

Modern agriculture relies heavily on technology, including genetically modified organisms (GMOs), advanced irrigation systems, precision farming, and the use of machinery for planting, harvesting, and processing. These innovations help increase productivity and efficiency, ensuring food security in a growing global population.

Sustainable farming practices are crucial for preserving the environment, conserving water, and maintaining soil health. Agriculture continues to evolve, addressing challenges like climate change, land degradation, and the need for more sustainable food production.